Computer Science
All 8 exam topics covered — from Intro to Computers and Operating Systems to Networking, Web Development, Cyber Security, and Database Management.
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Your Computer Progress
Complete all 8 topics to master the Computer Science section. Each topic has notes, an interactive animation, and MCQs.
Topics
1. Introduction to Computers & Types
Definition, characteristics, types by size (micro to super), types by working principle (analog/digital/hybrid).
2. Generations of Computers
1st to 5th generation — vacuum tubes, transistors, ICs, microprocessors, AI.
3. Operating System
Functions, types (batch, time-sharing, real-time), Windows, Linux, Android basics.
4. Office Automation
MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access — key features, shortcuts, MCQ tricks.
5. Computer Networking
LAN, WAN, MAN, topologies, protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP), IP addresses, modem, router.
6. Introduction to Web Development
HTML, CSS, JavaScript basics, WWW, browsers, URL, web servers, static vs dynamic.
7. Cyber-Attacks & Ethical Hacking
Viruses, malware, phishing, hacking types, firewall, encryption, ethical hacking.
8. Database Management System
DBMS concepts, tables, queries, primary key, SQL basics, MS Access overview.
Key Facts & Numbers
1 Byte
= 8 Bits (smallest addressable memory unit)
1 KB
= 1024 Bytes (Kilobyte)
1 MB
= 1024 KB (Megabyte)
1 GB
= 1024 MB (Gigabyte)
1613
First use of the word "Computer" (meaning a person who calculates)
1822
Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine
1945
ENIAC — first general-purpose electronic computer
1971
Intel 4004 — first microprocessor (4th generation begins)
1989
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web (WWW)
ASCII
128 characters using 7 bits — American Standard Code for Info Interchange
IPv4
32-bit address (e.g. 192.168.1.1) — about 4.3 billion addresses
HTTP:80
HTTP uses Port 80 · HTTPS uses Port 443
Computer Science Pioneers
Charles Babbage (1791–1871)
Father of Computer — designed Difference Engine & Analytical Engine (first concept of a programmable machine)
Ada Lovelace (1815–1852)
World's first programmer — wrote the first algorithm for Babbage's Analytical Engine
Alan Turing (1912–1954)
Father of Computer Science — Turing Machine concept; cracked Enigma in WWII; proposed the Turing Test for AI
John von Neumann
Proposed the Von Neumann Architecture — stored-program concept used in all modern computers (CPU + Memory + I/O)
Tim Berners-Lee (1989)
Invented the World Wide Web (WWW) at CERN — created HTML, HTTP, and the URL system
Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn
Fathers of the Internet — developed TCP/IP protocol (1974) that forms the backbone of the modern internet
Dennis Ritchie (1941–2011)
Invented the C programming language (1972) and co-created UNIX operating system at Bell Labs
Bill Gates (b. 1955)
Co-founder of Microsoft; developed MS-DOS and Windows OS; current CEO of Microsoft is Satya Nadella
Steve Jobs (1955–2011)
Co-founder of Apple Inc.; revolutionised personal computing with Macintosh, iPhone, and iPad
J. Presper Eckert & John Mauchly
Designed ENIAC (1945) — first general-purpose electronic digital computer using 18,000 vacuum tubes