Teaching Pedagogies
Learning styles, lesson planning, teaching methods, ICT, assessment, classroom management, and 21st‑century frameworks — all 10 exam topics covered.
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Your Pedagogies Progress
Complete all 10 topics to master the Pedagogies section. Each topic has notes and 8 MCQs.
Topics
1. Learning Styles — VARK
Neil Fleming's VARK model, multimodal learners, and teaching strategies for each style.
2. Cognitive & Student Differences
Differentiated instruction, Bloom's Taxonomy (6 levels), and types of learner differences.
3. Lesson Planning & SLOs
Lesson plan components, Student Learning Outcomes, SMART criteria, and Bloom's connection.
4. Teaching Skills
Micro-teaching, set induction, closure, stimulus variation, and core classroom skills.
5. Teaching Methodologies
Lecture, discussion, brainstorming, demonstration — teacher-centered vs. student-centered.
6. ICT in Classroom
ICT tools, blended learning, flipped classroom, e-learning, and integration challenges.
7. Assessment & Evaluation
Formative, summative, diagnostic assessment, tools, and characteristics of good assessment.
8. Reflective Practices & Feedback
Dewey, Schon's reflection models, reflective tools, and characteristics of effective feedback.
9. Classroom Management
Strategies, seating arrangements, Kounin's withitness, positive vs. negative discipline.
10. STEAM / STREAM & PBL
STEAM vs STREAM, Project Based Learning, the 4 Cs of 21st-century learning.
Key Facts & Numbers
1987
Neil Fleming developed the VARK model
4
VARK learning styles (V, A, R, K)
6
Levels in Bloom's Taxonomy (revised)
3
Elements of Differentiated Instruction: Content, Process, Product
SMART
SLO criteria — Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
5–10 min
Duration of a micro-teaching session (5–10 students)
3
Types of assessment: Formative, Summative, Diagnostic
STEAM
Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics
STREAM
STEAM + Reading/wRiting
4 Cs
Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, Creativity
2
Schon's reflection types: in-action & on-action
20%
MCQ weight of Pedagogies in STS BPS-14 exam
Key Theorists & Contributions
Neil Fleming (1987)
Developed the VARK model of learning styles — Visual, Auditory, Read/Write, Kinesthetic
Benjamin Bloom (1956)
Created Bloom's Taxonomy — a hierarchical classification of cognitive learning objectives
Anderson & Krathwohl (2001)
Revised Bloom's Taxonomy — renamed top level from Synthesis to "Create"
John Dewey
Father of Reflective Practice — emphasized learning through experience and critical reflection
Donald Schon
Introduced Reflection-in-Action (during teaching) and Reflection-on-Action (after teaching)
Jacob Kounin
Coined "Withitness" — a teacher's ability to be aware of all classroom events simultaneously
Howard Gardner (1983)
Theory of Multiple Intelligences — 8 distinct types of intelligence beyond IQ
Lev Vygotsky
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) — what a student can do with guidance but not alone